Clustering analysis was also used as a proxy for population structure, with the msp2-based UPGMA distance-tree depicting intermixed and epidemiologically related clonal populations of 20 across sub-trees. These indices, based on RAPD-R8, confirmed the comparatively higher trend of GD in 2014 compared The calculated mean of GD parameters across years and markers showed RAPD-R8 had the highest index of GD (Shannon’s Index, Unbiased Nei-GD) except for the Percentage of Polymorphic Loci. Based on msp2, the Multiplicity of Infection in 2014 was greater than in 2018 (2.28 vs.1.97). There was a significant difference between the 4 (3RAPD and msp2) primers used (ANOVA P<0.001). Genotyping rates (91-95%) than nested-PCR (67%). Three of the 6 RAPD primers used (R8, E8, L12) yielded useful polymorphic patterns with higher Targeting the merozoite surface protein 2 (msp2) gene and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPDPCR). falciparum diversity, genotyping was performed using 2 PCR-based techniques which were further evaluated for their performance: nested-PCR
For each time point, a subset of 50 samples was retrieved from a pool of samples collected from participant children aged between 6 months and 18 years and adults attending the hospital for outpatient consultation. Regions with different malaria dynamics to the capital city Yaounde. falciparum amongst Cameroonian populations sampled before (2014) and after (2018) intensive and massive relocations due to civil unrest, from affected This study compared the genetic diversity (GD) of P. The introduction of new, genetically diverse and divergent populations of Plasmodium falciparum parasites into a given location, due to population influx, may have serious public health consequences. The data provided in this work can serve as a baseline to monitor the population trends of these species information can also help to prioritize conservation efforts, which is essential considering the high number of tree species that have potential extinction risk in the short-term. Additionally, only seven species were previously assessed and categorized on the IUCN Red List, with our categorization agreeing with only four of them. Our results showed an inadequate conservation status for eight of the 12 studied timber tree species. We considered an inadequate conservation status if the species: (1) occurred in less than 50% of the sampled plots, (2) had a density of large trees (more than 40 cm DBH) lower than one individual per hectare, or (3) had a density of saplings (more than 30 cm in height and less than 9.9 cm in DBH) lower than 30 in.ividuals per hectare. In this study, we assessed the conservation status of these timber species in the piedmont dry forest of northwestern Argentina and compared our results with the IUCN assessment. The piedmont dry forest of northwestern Argentina has been under intensive and unplanned forest logging focused on 12 tree species, without any attempts having been made to ensure their regeneration or long-term conservation. obliqua represent a fundamental step towards the breeding of this species, and the first achievements are described. Intra- and interspecific-controlled crossings of N. The first steps towards breeding of roble pellín in Argentina are fully described: provenance and progeny tests and seed producing areas, both natural and cultivated ones. Quantitative genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity measured at seeds, seedling and juvenile states on nursery and field trials gave insights about adaptation.
In addition, the level of genetic diversity was used as an indicator for conservation and for the definition of genetic zones as seed sources for breeding and restoration. Genetic variation patterns based on neutral genetic markers (isozymes, cpDNA and microsatellites) allowed inferring past demographic changes during the Pleistocene glaciations. In this chapter, we describe the species characteristics and natural distribution range as well as the natural hybridisation process that occurs frequently with other Nothofagus species. The relevance of this species relies in its high wood quality and tolerance to warmer niches, as those predicted under climate change. Nothofagus obliqua forests in Argentina extend over a wide latitudinal gradient but highly fragmented and locally restricted.
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